![]() ![]() Consider the following event IDs: Domain Controllers: "Audit Logon" (Success & Failure) for event ID 4625.Domain Controllers: "Audit Kerberos Authentication Service" (Success & Failure) for event ID 4771.All systems: "Audit Logon" (Success & Failure) for event ID 4648. Monitor authentication logs for system and application login failures of Valid Accounts. Refer to NIST guidelines when creating password policies. Where possible, also enable multi-factor authentication on externally facing services. Too strict a policy may create a denial of service condition and render environments un-usable, with all accounts used in the brute force being locked-out. Set account lockout policies after a certain number of failed login attempts to prevent passwords from being guessed. Silent Librarian has used collected lists of names and e-mail accounts to use in password spraying attacks against private sector targets. Sandworm Team has used a script to attempt RPC authentication against a number of hosts. MailSniper can be used for password spraying against Exchange and Office 365. Linux Rabbit brute forces SSH passwords in order to attempt to gain access and install its malware onto the server. Leafminer used a tool called Total SMB BruteForcer to perform internal password spraying. Lazarus Group malware attempts to connect to Windows shares for lateral movement by using a generated list of usernames, which center around permutations of the username Administrator, and weak passwords. HEXANE has used password spraying attacks to obtain valid credentials. ![]() ĬrackMapExec can brute force credential authentication by using a supplied list of usernames and a single password. Ĭhimera has used multiple password spraying attacks against victim's remote services to obtain valid user and administrator accounts. īad Rabbit’s infpub.dat file uses NTLM login credentials to brute force Windows machines. ĪPT33 has used password spraying to gain access to target systems. ĪPT29 has conducted brute force password spray attacks. APT28 has also used a Kubernetes cluster to conduct distributed, large-scale password spray attacks. In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows "logon failure" event ID 4625.ĪPT28 has used a brute-force/password-spray tooling that operated in two modes: in password-spraying mode it conducted approximately four authentication attempts per hour per targeted account over the course of several days or weeks. ![]() In addition to management services, adversaries may "target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols," as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365. HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP).Commonly targeted services include the following: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when password spraying. Logins are attempted with that password against many different accounts on a network to avoid account lockouts that would normally occur when brute forcing a single account with many passwords. ![]() 'Password01'), or a small list of commonly used passwords, that may match the complexity policy of the domain. Password spraying uses one password (e.g. Adversaries may use a single or small list of commonly used passwords against many different accounts to attempt to acquire valid account credentials. ![]()
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